Building Codes

Everyone wins when new homes are built to the most cost-effective and efficient standards. Studies show that rigorous energy codes are among the most cost-effective ways to improve energy efficiency and provide immediate cost savings to new home buyers.

Updated building codes will increase energy efficiency.

Status Update

The current Uniform Statewide Building Code (USBC) went into effect on July 1, 2021, which now requires mechanical testing for air leakage in duct-work. See below for more details on the USBC regulatory process.

The 2021 Virginia Codes have been approved and will be published in the Virginia Register on December 18, 2023. The effective date of the 2021 Uniform Statewide Building Code is January 18, 2024. The update includes a variety of enhancements from the 2021 International Energy Conservation Code (IECC), including window fenestration, lighting, ventilation, and wall insulation. Additionally, some Virginia-specific changes are included relating to HVAC sizing in new additions.

Refer to our latest building codes blog post for the list of proposals under consideration that the VAEEC supports.

On January 31, 2024, the Board of Housing and Community Development voted to reject the Notice of Intended Regulatory Action (NOIRA) to eliminate 25% of the 2021 USBC, as called for in Executive Order 19. Instead, the Board voted to include the review as part of the 2024 code update.

Virginia Regulatory Process

Before Virginia begins the process to update the state building code, the model code is updated at the federal and international level. The International Code Council (ICC) is a membership-based organization that produces an updated model code every three years (2015, 2018, 2021, etc.). While states are not mandated to use the model code, many use it as a starting point to develop their own state code, like Virginia, while other states adopt the model code as is, such as Maryland. For even more details on the energy code process at the federal level, DOE has a great blog post detailing each step.

Virginia’s building code is known as the Uniform State Building Code (USBC). The Department of Housing and Community Development oversees the two-year code update process, which includes stakeholder input, public meetings, and board actions. The Board of Housing and Community Development is comprised of 14 members representing each of Virginia’s 11 congressional districts and three ex-officio members representing the Virginia Fire Services Board, the Virginia Building Code Officials Association, and the Virginia Housing Development Authority. Each member is appointed by the Governor to 3-year terms with a two-term limit. Historically, this board has been comprised entirely of home-builders. However, over the last several years, building science experts and community development advocates have also been appointed to the Board.

The diagram below explains the two-year USBC update process:

The update process begins with proposal submissions via the DHCD codes portal. Anyone can submit a proposal to the portal. Proposals are reviewed by open, public workgroups and voted on by those in attendance. Proposals move forward to the next phase of the process with a workgroup recommendation of either consensus, non-consensus or rejection. It only takes one “no” vote for a proposal to be marked as non-consensus. All proposals are then reviewed by the DHCD Board Codes and Standards committee, which also makes recommendations to the full Board. The full Board then reviews all proposals and votes to adopt either the draft (year one) or final (year two) USBC. This process is repeated both years. Once the final USBC is approved by the Board in year two, it goes to the Attorney General and the Governor to sign off as well. Once the updated USBC goes into effect, there is a one year grace period before it is enforced.

Additionally, there are several comment periods and public hearings throughout the two-year process.

Code Compliance and Enforcement

Check here for more details as the code updating process moves forward. The Virginia Building and Codes Association is also a great resource for code compliance questions.